Question

Alexander Calder was known for his:

• A. Functional sculpture
• B. Kinetic sculpture
• C. Stone sculpture
• D. Fibre Glass sculpture

Hint:

Logic Tip: Alexander Calder = Mobiles = Moving or kinetic sculpture.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept:
Alexander Calder was an internationally famous American sculptor best known for introducing: \[ Kinetic Sculpture \] He revolutionized modern sculpture by creating artworks that moved naturally through air currents and mechanical balance.

Step 1:
Kinetic sculpture refers to sculpture that contains:
• Actual movement
• Mechanical motion
• Suspended balancing elements
• Dynamic interaction with air and space Unlike traditional static sculpture, kinetic sculpture changes visually as it moves.

Step 2:
Alexander Calder became famous for creating:
• Mobiles
• Suspended moving sculptures
• Large abstract outdoor works His mobiles used:
• Metal rods
• Balanced forms
• Hanging abstract shapes These parts moved gently with air currents, producing constantly changing compositions.

Step 3:
The word: \[ Mobile \] was associated with Calder's moving sculptures. Their characteristics include:
• Balance
• Motion
• Rhythm
• Abstract geometry Calder's works transformed sculpture from a fixed object into a dynamic experience.

Step 4:
Option (1): Functional sculpture
Functional sculpture refers to usable artistic objects, which is not Calder's main contribution. Option (3): Stone sculpture
Calder did not specialize in traditional stone carving. Option (4): Fibre Glass sculpture
Although modern sculptors use fibre glass, Calder is primarily associated with kinetic metal sculptures.

Step 5:
Alexander Calder is important because he:
• Invented modern kinetic sculpture
• Introduced movement into sculpture
• Expanded abstraction into three-dimensional space
• Influenced modern installation and public art

Step 6:
Since Alexander Calder became famous for kinetic sculpture, the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{\text{(2) Kinetic sculpture}} \]