Step 1: Understanding the Question: The passage says that in the period after 1990 the market has a key role in shaping mass media, and it calls this period one of globalisation. We must pick the phenomenon that the passage links with that period.
Step 2: Check option (A). The passage describes the post 1990 period as one of globalisation, when the market plays a key role in media. This matches the question directly. So (A) is CORRECT.
Step 3: Check option (B). Liberalization means opening the economy by cutting state controls. It is a related policy, but the passage does not use this word for the post 1990 media. So (B) is not the phenomenon named and is WRONG here.
Step 4: Check option (C). Modernization is a broad process of social change linked with industrial and scientific growth. The passage does not tie post 1990 media to it. So (C) is WRONG.
Step 5: Check option (D). Secularization is the decline of the hold of religion in public life. The passage says nothing about it in this context. So (D) is WRONG.
Final Answer: The passage ties the post 1990 media to globalisation, so the answer is option 1, Globalization.
