According to the latest classification, Prokaryotes are divided into which two domains?
Show Hint
- Domain 1: Archaea (Prokaryotic)
- Domain 2: Bacteria (Prokaryotic)
- Domain 3: Eukarya (Eukaryotic)
Prokaryotes are thus divided into Archaea and Bacteria.
- Archaea and Bacteria
- Eubacteria and Bacteria
- Bacteria and Fungi
- Archaebacteria and Actinobacteria
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
In 1990, Carl Woese proposed the Three-Domain System of biological classification based on differences in the nucleotide sequence of ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA for prokaryotes and 18S rRNA for eukaryotes).
Detailed Explanation:
The Three-Domain System divides all cellular life into three domains:
1. Archaea (prokaryotic, extremophiles, distinct membrane lipids and translation machinery).
2. Bacteria (true bacteria, prokaryotic).
3. Eukarya (all eukaryotic organisms, including Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals).
The prokaryotic organisms, which lack a membrane-bound nucleus, are split between the domains Archaea and Bacteria.
While they share structural similarities, they differ fundamentally in cell wall composition, membrane lipid structure, and molecular genetics (transcription and translation systems).
Step 2: Final Answer:
The two prokaryotic domains are Archaea and Bacteria.
Therefore, the correct option is (A).
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