Question

According to one of the theories of social movements, social conflict arises when a social group feels that it is worse off than others around it. What is this theory known as?

• A. Theory of Relative Deprivation
• B. Theory of Reformative Action
• C. Theory of Redemptive Action
• D. Theory of Resource Mobilization

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The theory that explains social conflict arising when a social group feels it is worse off than others is known as the Theory of Relative Deprivation. This theory posits that social movements are often sparked when a segment of society perceives a gap between their actual status and what they believe they are entitled to in comparison to others. Such perceptions of inequality and injustice can fuel social unrest and drive demands for change. The key elements are: 

• Perception of Disadvantage: Recognizing differences between one's own social, economic, or political conditions compared to another group.
• Entitlement Belief: A belief that better conditions are deserved based on equity, past statuses, or improvements anticipated over time.
• Comparison Reference: Selecting a group or standard that serves as a benchmark for perceived deprivation.

The theory emphasizes the subjective nature of perceived inequality as a catalyst for social movements, encouraging changes to address these grievances.

Answer 2

The theory that explains social conflict arising when a social group feels that it is worse off than others around it is known as the Theory of Relative Deprivation. According to this theory, people or groups may feel deprived when they compare themselves to others who are perceived to be better off, leading to frustration and social conflict. This sense of inequality or unfairness can be a driving force behind social movements and collective action.

Let's evaluate the other options:

2. Theory of Reformative Action - This theory focuses on social movements that seek partial change in society, often through legal or policy reforms. It does not specifically address feelings of relative deprivation.

3. Theory of Redemptive Action - This theory refers to movements that seek to bring about radical change in individuals, such as religious or spiritual movements, rather than focusing on social or economic inequality.

4. Theory of Resource Mobilization - This theory emphasizes the importance of resources (such as money, time, and organizational capacity) for the success of social movements, but it does not specifically address the feelings of relative deprivation.

Thus, the correct answer is Option 1: Theory of Relative Deprivation.