Question

A special membranous structure which increases the surface area of plasma membrane is:

• A. Episomes
• B. Liposomes
• C. Mesosomes
• D. Plasmasomes

Hint:

Mesosomes = Infoldings of bacterial cell membranes.
They increase surface area for electron transport/respiration and aid in cell division.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the me of invagited cell membrane structures in prokaryotic cells that increase membrane surface area for metabolic processes.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelle compartments like mitochondria; invagitions of the cell membrane provide extra surface area for membrane-associated enzymes.

Step 3: Detailed Explation:

• Definition of Mesosomes: Mesosomes are folded invagitions of the plasma membrane in bacteria formed by inward extensions of the cell membrane.

• Function: They increase the effective surface area of the plasma membrane and boost enzymatic activity required for cellular processes such as respiration, D replication, cell wall synthesis, and secretion.

• Alysis of Incorrect Options:
• Episomes: Extrachromosomal genetic elements (plasmids) capable of integrating into bacterial host genomic D.

• Liposomes: Synthetic spherical lipid vesicles used artificially for drug delivery.

• Plasmasomes: Non-standard biological terminology not associated with cell membrane surface extension.

Step 4: Fil Answer:
Mesosomes are specialized plasma membrane folds in bacteria that increase available membrane surface area.