Question

A battery of emf 1.50 V and internal resistance 0.50 ohm supplies a current of 100 mA. The potential difference across the terminal of the battery will be:

• A. 1.5 V
• B. 1.45 V
• C. 1.55 V
• D. 1 V

Hint:

Terminal voltage is always less than EMF when a battery is discharging due to the internal "voltage drop."

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Concept
The terminal voltage ($V$) of a battery is given by $V = E - Ir$, where $E$ is EMF, $I$ is current, and $r$ is internal resistance.

Step 2: Unit Conversion
Current $I = 100\text{ mA} = 0.1\text{ A}$.

Step 3: Calculation
$V = 1.50 - (0.1 \times 0.50)$
$V = 1.50 - 0.05 = 1.45\text{ V}$.

Step 4: Conclusion
The terminal potential difference is 1.45 V. Final Answer: (B)