Step 1: Understanding the Concept
A basic protein is rich in amino acids whose side chains carry an extra amino group or positive charge.
Step 2: Basic amino acids
The basic amino acids are lysine, arginine and histidine.
Methionine and valine have uncharged non-polar side chains.
Step 3: Conclusion
So a basic protein contains more arginine and lysine, as in histones.
Final Answer:
A basic protein is rich in arginine and lysine, option (C).
\[ \boxed{\text{(C) }\text{Arginine and lysine}} \]