Step 1: Understanding interference in memory.
Interference refers to the disruption of memory due to competing information. Proactive interference occurs when previously learned information interferes with the learning of new information. In this case, the knowledge of driving a manual-gear car is interfering with learning how to drive an automatic car.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
- (A) Correct, proactive interference happens when older memories (driving manual-gear) interfere with the learning of new ones (driving auto-gear).
- (B) Incorrect, retroactive interference happens when new information interferes with the recall of old information.
- (C) Incorrect, anterograde interference refers to difficulty in forming new memories after a particular event or injury.
- (D) Incorrect, learning difficulties would generally affect learning, but they don't specifically refer to the type of memory interference described.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, the correct answer is (A) Proactive interference.