Question

Write a brief description of a bioreactor.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition:
A bioreactor is a large vessel in which raw materials are biologically converted, using living cells (microbial, plant, animal, or human) or their enzymes, into a specific product under controlled optimum conditions.

Step 2: Key Operating Conditions:
Inside a bioreactor, factors such as temperature, pH, substrate concentration, salts, vitamins and oxygen are maintained at optimum levels to maximise product yield.

Step 3: Common Type:
The most widely used type is the stirred-tank bioreactor, which has an agitator to mix the contents thoroughly and an oxygen-delivery system to ensure adequate aeration throughout the vessel.

Final Answer:
\(\text{A bioreactor is a vessel used for large-scale, controlled production of biotechnological products using living cells or enzymes}\)