Which simple chemical test is used to distinguish between ethanal & propanal?
- Iodoform test
- Tollen's test
- Fehling's test
- Lucas test
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
The simple chemical test used to distinguish between ethanal (acetaldehyde) and propanal (propionaldehyde) is the Tollen's test.
Tollen's test is based on the oxidation of an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid in the presence of Tollens' reagent, which is an alkaline solution of silver nitrate \((AgNO_3).\) Ethanal, being a primary aldehyde, readily undergoes oxidation in the Tollen's test and produces a silver mirror on the inner surface of the reaction vessel. Propanal, being a secondary aldehyde, does not react with Tollens' reagent and does not produce a silver mirror.
Therefore, the correct option is (B): the Tollen's test is used to distinguish between ethanal and propanal.
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Concepts Used:
Amines
Amine is a type of compound which is derived from ammonia (NH3). According to Organic chemistry, they are basically classified as the functional groups of the organic nitrogen compounds that contain nitrogen atoms with a lone pair.
Amine - Types
Primary Amines:
It is formed when one hydrogen atom in ammonia is substituted by an alkyl or aromatic group. Amino acids and methyl amine are the best examples that why aromatic amines include aniline.
Secondary Amines:
Amines that have two organic substitutes either alkyl or aryl ones or both and are bound to the nitrogen together with one hydrogen are termed as secondary amines. For Example, Dimethylamine.
Tertiary Amines:
Tertiary Amines are the amines where the nitrogen consists of three organic substitutes. For example, Trimethylamine and EDTA.