Which one of the options best describes the transformation of the 2-dimensional figure P to Q, and then to R, as shown? 
Operation 1: A clockwise rotation by 90° about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the figure
Operation 2: A reflection along a horizontal line
Operation 1: A counter clockwise rotation by 90° about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the figure
Operation 2: A reflection along a horizontal line
Operation 1: A clockwise rotation by 90° about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the figure
Operation 2: A reflection along a vertical line
Operation 1: A counter clockwise rotation by 180° about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the figure
Operation 2: A reflection along a vertical line
The output of a 2-input multiplexer is connected back to one of its inputs as shown in the figure. Match the functional equivalence of this circuit to one of the following options. 