Question

Which of these is NOT caused by enteroviruses?

• A. Herpangina
• B. Hemorrhagic fever
• C. Pleurodynia
• D. Aseptic meningitis

Hint:

Enteroviruses cause herpangina, pleurodynia and aseptic meningitis; hemorrhagic fevers come from other virus families entirely.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Recall the enterovirus family.
Enteroviruses are a group of small RNA viruses that include poliovirus, coxsackievirus A and B, and echovirus. They spread by the fecal-oral route and mainly infect the gut, but they are named after the gut only because that is where they multiply, and they actually cause disease in many other organs.

Step 2: Match each option to an enterovirus disease.
Herpangina is caused by coxsackievirus A: it causes painful small blisters and ulcers at the back of the throat and soft palate, mainly in children.
Pleurodynia (also called Bornholm disease) is caused by coxsackievirus B: it causes sudden, severe chest and upper belly muscle pain due to inflammation of chest wall muscles.
Aseptic meningitis (viral meningitis with a clear, non-purulent spinal fluid) is one of the most common causes of meningitis worldwide, and enteroviruses, especially echovirus and coxsackievirus, are the leading cause.

Step 3: Check hemorrhagic fever.
Viral hemorrhagic fevers, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, Lassa fever and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, are caused by completely different virus families (flaviviruses, filoviruses, arenaviruses, bunyaviruses). None of these belong to the enterovirus group. Enteroviruses are not a recognised cause of a hemorrhagic fever syndrome.

Final Answer:
Herpangina, pleurodynia and aseptic meningitis are all classic enterovirus diseases, but hemorrhagic fever is not.
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