Step 1: Lactose is a disaccharide composed of $\beta$-D-galactose and $\beta$-D-glucose.
Step 2: The linkage is formed between the anomeric carbon (C-1) of the galactose unit and the C-4 hydroxyl group of the glucose unit.
Step 3: This is specifically a $\beta$-1,4-glycosidic linkage.