- (A) Correct: DNA microarrays are used to probe immobilized DNA sequences via hybridization to study gene expression.
- (B) Correct: Differential centrifugation separates cellular organelles based on sedimentation rates.
- (C) Correct: Essential amino acids are not synthesized by humans but can be synthesized by microbes and are obtained through diet.
- (D) Incorrect: Equilibrium constants are specific for each reaction, but this statement does not align with the context provided.