Step 1: Concept
The laws of learning are principles that describe how learning occurs. Among these, the law of effect is particularly concerned with emotional reactions and their impact on future behavior.
Step 2: Meaning
The law of effect states that behaviors followed by positive consequences are more likely to be repeated, while those followed by negative consequences are less likely to be repeated. This principle emphasizes the role of reinforcement in shaping behavior through emotional responses.
Step 3: Analysis
Law of Readiness: This law suggests that learning is most effective when a person is mentally and physically prepared for it. It does not focus on emotional reactions.
Law of Effect: This law directly involves emotional reactions as part of the learning process. According to this principle, behaviors are influenced by their outcomes, which can be positive or negative emotions. For instance, if an action leads to a pleasant feeling, the likelihood of repeating that action increases.
Law of Exercise: This law posits that practice and repetition enhance learning. It does not specifically address emotional reactions.
Law of Nature: This term is not a recognized law in psychology related to learning. It might be a distractor or a misinterpretation of another concept.
The correct answer, B) Law of Effect, aligns with the description provided in the question as it involves emotional reactions and their impact on future behavior.
Step 4: Conclusion
The law of effect is based on emotional reaction with motive because it explains how behaviors are influenced by their outcomes, which can be positive or negative emotions.
Final Answer: (B)