Question

Which of the following is NOT associated with risk factors to disaster impact and aftermath cascades?

• A. Hazards
• B. Vulnerability
• C. Stress Management
• D. Exposure

Hint:

The three major disaster risk factors are hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Stress management is a recovery and psychological support measure, not a core risk factor.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Disaster risk depends mainly on hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. These factors decide how severe the disaster impact will be.

Step 1: Understanding disaster risk factors.
A hazard is a dangerous event such as flood, earthquake, cyclone, or landslide.
Exposure means people, property, or systems located in hazard-prone areas.
Vulnerability means weakness or lack of capacity to resist or recover from disaster. \[ \text{Disaster Risk} = \text{Hazard} \times \text{Exposure} \times \text{Vulnerability} \]

Step 2: Understanding disaster impact and aftermath cascades.
After a disaster, one event may trigger another. For example, an earthquake may damage buildings, cause fire, disrupt hospitals, and affect communication systems. \[ \text{Primary hazard} \Rightarrow \text{Secondary impacts} \Rightarrow \text{Cascading disaster} \]

Step 3: Identifying the option not associated with risk factors.
Hazards, vulnerability, and exposure are core disaster risk factors. Stress management is related to psychological support and recovery, but it is not a basic risk factor causing disaster impact. Therefore, the correct answer is Stress Management.