The question asks us to identify which of the given options is not an autoimmune disease. An autoimmune disease is a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body. Let's analyze each of the options:
Given the analysis, while vitiligo has an autoimmune component, it is not a generalized autoimmune disease compared to the others listed. The correct answer is:
Correct Answer: Alzheimer's disease is the one that is not categorized as an autoimmune disease.
| Pair of skeletal parts | Category | |
|---|---|---|
| (a)$\,\,$ | Sternum and ribs$\,\,$ | Axial skeleton |
| (b)$\,\,$ | Clavicle and glenoid cavity$\,\,$ | Pelvic girdle |
| (c)$\,\,$ | Flumerus and ulna$\,\,$ | Appendicular skeleton |
| (d)$\,\,$ | Malleus and stapes$\,\,$ | Ear ossicles |