Question:
Which of the following is involved in the transfer of amino acids from cytoplasm to the ribosome for protein synthesis ?
Which of the following is involved in the transfer of amino acids from cytoplasm to the ribosome for protein synthesis ?
Show Hint
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are highly precise enzymes that covalently link each amino acid to its corresponding tRNA molecule, a process called tRNA charging.
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- mRNA
- rRNA
- tRNA
- siRNA
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Protein translation is the process of synthesizing a polypeptide chain from an mRNA template.
This process requires different types of RNA molecules to coordinate the assembly of amino acids.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the role of each RNA molecule in translation:
1. tRNA (Transfer RNA): This small RNA molecule serves as an adapter.
Each tRNA has a specific anticodon loop that recognizes a complementary codon on the mRNA, and a 3' acceptor stem where a specific amino acid is covalently attached.
During translation, the tRNA captures its specific amino acid in the cytoplasm and delivers it directly to the active site of the ribosome, aligning it with the mRNA codon.
Thus, tRNA is directly responsible for transporting amino acids.
2. mRNA (Messenger RNA): This template molecule carries the genetic sequence transcribed from DNA, specifying the amino acid sequence of the protein.
3. rRNA (Ribosomal RNA): This structural and catalytic RNA forms the core of the ribosome, facilitating peptide bond formation.
4. siRNA (Small Interfering RNA): This regulatory RNA is involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing, not translation elongation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The RNA molecule responsible for transferring amino acids is tRNA, corresponding to option (C).
Protein translation is the process of synthesizing a polypeptide chain from an mRNA template.
This process requires different types of RNA molecules to coordinate the assembly of amino acids.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the role of each RNA molecule in translation:
1. tRNA (Transfer RNA): This small RNA molecule serves as an adapter.
Each tRNA has a specific anticodon loop that recognizes a complementary codon on the mRNA, and a 3' acceptor stem where a specific amino acid is covalently attached.
During translation, the tRNA captures its specific amino acid in the cytoplasm and delivers it directly to the active site of the ribosome, aligning it with the mRNA codon.
Thus, tRNA is directly responsible for transporting amino acids.
2. mRNA (Messenger RNA): This template molecule carries the genetic sequence transcribed from DNA, specifying the amino acid sequence of the protein.
3. rRNA (Ribosomal RNA): This structural and catalytic RNA forms the core of the ribosome, facilitating peptide bond formation.
4. siRNA (Small Interfering RNA): This regulatory RNA is involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing, not translation elongation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The RNA molecule responsible for transferring amino acids is tRNA, corresponding to option (C).
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top ICAR AIEEA Plant Sciences Questions
- Both plant and animal cells contain some small organelles called 'peroxisomes', which are dedicated to the metabolism of substances such as
- Chemicals that store energy for the majority of work within cells are called
- The longest phase during the eukaryotic cell cycle is
- The formula: [Sum of (Observed-Expected)$^2$/Expected] is also known as
- Human beings have a large-sized 'proteome'. The principal and more significant reason for this is-
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Molecular Biology Questions
- Human beings have a large-sized 'proteome'. The principal and more significant reason for this is-
- The number of possible combinations in a polypeptide containing any 7 amino acids is given by the figure
Given below are two statements:
• [Statement (I):] Vertical resistance is exploited in agriculture by pathologists and breeders for crop improvement.
• [Statement (II):] Vertical resistance is mostly monogenic in nature.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
- Cannulae and Hami are the cellular structures found in
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R).
• [Assertion (A):] Deuteromycetes are known as 'Fungi Imperfecti'.
• [Reason (R):] In 'Deuteromycetes' only the asexual phase is known.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Questions
- Which of the following statements is false?
- Which of the following is an example of an inventory?
- According to Adam Smith, productivity gains could be brought about through .
- The supply curve for an artificially scarce good is .
- Which of the following would not be considered an opportunity cost of paid employment?
View More Questions