Question

Which of the following is called as transboundary movement of disease ?

• A. Panzootic
• B. Epizootic
• C. Enzootic
• D. Zoonotic

Hint:

Veterinary terms mimic human terms: Enzootic = Endemic (local), Epizootic = Epidemic (rapid local spike), and Panzootic = Pandemic (transboundary/global spread).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Epidemiology and epizootiology classify outbreaks of diseases in animal populations based on their scale of geographic spread, host ranges, and transmission dynamics over time.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us define each ecological and epidemiological term to identify the correct classification of transboundary movement:
1. Panzootic (A): An outbreak of an infectious disease that spreads rapidly and widely across vast geographical regions, crossing national and international boundaries, continents, or even spreading globally. It is the veterinary equivalent of a human "pandemic." Therefore, the transboundary movement and global spread of animal disease is classified as a panzootic. Thus, (A) is correct.
2. Epizootic (B): An outbreak of disease that temporarily affects a large number of animals within a specific population or geographic area at a rate exceeding normal expectations (veterinary equivalent of an "epidemic").
3. Enzootic (C): A disease that is constantly present or regularly recurring in an animal population within a specific, restricted geographic locality (veterinary equivalent of "endemic").
4. Zoonotic (D): An infectious disease that can be naturally transmitted from vertebrate animals to humans (and vice versa).

Step 4: Final Answer:
Thus, the transboundary movement of disease is called Panzootic.