Question

Which of the following is an example of non-market exchange system?

• A. Hundi system
• B. Weekly haats
• C. Nakarattars system
• D. Jajmani system

Hint:

Ask in each case whether exchange happens through price and trade or through hereditary social duty.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Exchange does not always happen through money and open markets. In a non-market exchange, goods and services move through social ties such as caste and hereditary duty, not through price and competition. The jajmani system of rural India is the standard example. We must separate it from market based systems.

Step 2: Check option (A).
The hundi is a written credit note used by traders to move money. It works inside commercial trade. So it is a market instrument and this option is wrong.

Step 3: Check option (B).
Weekly haats are periodic village markets where buyers and sellers meet and trade goods. They are a market form. So this option is wrong.

Step 4: Check option (C).
The Nakarattars were a trading and banking community of Tamil Nadu. They ran money lending and trade as a business. So this is market activity and the option is wrong.

Step 5: Check option (D).
In the jajmani system, families of service castes such as barbers, potters and carpenters give goods or services to landowning families and get a share of grain or other things in return. This is based on hereditary caste ties and not on price. So this option is correct.

Final Answer:
Jajmani is the non-market exchange system. This is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]