Step 1: Understanding abiotic resources.
Abiotic resources are non-living natural resources such as water, air, soil, and minerals. They do not have life but are essential for living beings.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
(A) Human: Biotic, since humans are living beings.
(B) Bird: Biotic, because birds are living beings.
(C) River: Correct — a river is non-living and thus abiotic.
(D) Tree: Biotic, since trees are living organisms.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (C) River, which is an abiotic resource.