To answer the question of which flower blooms only once in its lifetime, we need to understand the flowering behavior of different plant species listed in the options.
Bamboo Species: Bamboo is known for its unique flowering behavior. Most species of bamboo are monocarpic, meaning they flower only once in their lifetime, usually after many years, sometimes even decades or a century. After flowering and setting seed, the bamboo dies. This phenomenon is known as "gregarious flowering" and is characteristic of bamboo species.
Mango, Jackfruit, and Papaya: These plants are polycarpic, meaning they flower and bear fruit multiple times over their lifespan. Mango trees can flower annually, producing fruit each year. Similarly, jackfruit and papaya trees can bear fruit several times after reaching maturity.
Based on this explanation:
Therefore, the correct answer is: Bamboo species.