Question

Which master horizon of soil is known as the zone of illuviation?

• A. O horizon
• B. A horizon
• C. B horizon
• D. C horizon

Hint:

Soil horizons:
- O: Organic matter.
- A: Topsoil (eluviation).
- E: Eluviation zone.
- B: Subsoil (illuviation).
- C: Parent material.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
This question tests knowledge of soil horizons and their characteristics.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The B horizon is known as the zone of illuviation (C).
Illuviation is the accumulation of materials (clay, organic matter, iron, aluminum) leached from the A and E horizons.
Other horizons:
- O horizon (A): Organic matter layer.
- A horizon (B): Topsoil (zone of eluviation).
- C horizon (D): Parent material.
Thus, the B horizon is the zone of illuviation.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, the B horizon is known as the zone of illuviation, which corresponds to option (C).
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