Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase [ADA] deficiency ?
- Gene therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Radiation therapy
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is:
Option 1: Gene therapy
Explanation:
In 1990, a four-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency was treated using gene therapy. ADA deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the immune system, leading to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). The condition is caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for producing the ADA enzyme, which is crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system.
In this groundbreaking treatment, gene therapy was used to insert a healthy copy of the ADA gene into the patient's cells, providing them with the ability to produce the ADA enzyme. This marked one of the first successful uses of gene therapy in humans and opened the doors for further research and development in genetic treatments for inherited diseases.
Chemotherapy: This is a treatment for cancer and other diseases but was not the therapy used for ADA deficiency in this case.
Immunotherapy: This is used to treat cancer or to modulate the immune system, but it was not the primary treatment for ADA deficiency.
Radiation therapy: This is primarily used to treat cancer and was not relevant for this genetic disorder.
Therefore, gene therapy was the correct treatment option in this case.
Top NEET Biology Questions
- Chordae tendineae are found in
- Glycolysis takes place in
- All the components of the nodal tissue are autoexcitable. Why does the SA node act as the normal pacemakar?
- All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates, why ?
- The blood calcium level is lowered by the deficiency of
Top NEET Applications of Biotechnology Questions
- The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/ tolerant to
- The process of $RNA$ interference has been used in the development of plants resistant to
- Plasmid has been used as vector because
- Production of human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible because
- In $RNAi$, genes are silenced using
Top NEET Questions
- A coil of inductive reactance $31\, \Omega$ has a resistance of 8 $\Omega$. It is placed in series with a condenser of capacitative reactance $25 \,\Omega$. The combination is connected to an a.c. source of 110 V. The power factor of the circuit is :-
- A liquid compound (x) can be purified by steam distillation only if it is
- In an a.c. circuit with phase voltage V and current I, the power dissipated is
- A bubble in glass slab $ (\mu = 1.5) $ when viewed from one side appears at 5 cm and 2 cm from other side, then thickness of slab is
- A bulb is located on a wall. Its image is to be obtained on a parallel wall with the help of convex lens. If the distance between parallel walls is 'd' then required focal length of lens placed in between the walls is : -
Concepts Used:
Applications of Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms, or parts of this to develop or create different products.
For example, brewing and baking bread fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product).
Agriculture
Alternative to conventional farming: A possible solution is the use of genetically modified crops which is an alternative path to conventional farming.
Medicine
In the area of healthcare, recombinant DNA technological processes have made an immense impact which enables the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs.
Gene Therapy
A collection of methods that allows the correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo is called Gene Therapy.
CRISPR technology
For editing genomes, CRISPR is a simple yet powerful tool which allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.