Question

Which amino acids are essential building units of proteins?

• A. \(\alpha\)-amino acids
• B. \(\beta\)-amino acids
• C. \(\gamma\)-amino acids
• D. None of the above

Hint:

The general structure of an \(\alpha\)-amino acid is H\(_2\)N-CH(R)-COOH. There are 20 standard \(\alpha\)-amino acids that make up proteins.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Proteins are polymers of amino acids. The amino acids that make up proteins are specifically \(\alpha\)-amino acids.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:}}
In \(\alpha\)-amino acids, the amino group (\(-\)NH\(_2\)) and the carboxyl group (\(-\)COOH) are attached to the same carbon atom (the \(\alpha\)-carbon). These are the building blocks of proteins. \(\beta\)- and \(\gamma\)-amino acids are not found in proteins; they have the amino group on the \(\beta\) or \(\gamma\) carbon.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The essential building units of proteins are \(\alpha\)-amino acids, option (A).