Question

When the elements react to form compounds, a negative free energy change (\(\Delta G\)) means

(A) Spontaneous reaction
(B) Free energy of the products is higher than that of reactants
(C) Very high activation barrier
(D) Exergonic reactions
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B) and (D) only.
• B. (A), (B) and (C) only.
• C. (A), (B), (C) and (D).
• D. (A) and (D) only.

Hint:

A negative \(\Delta G\) indicates a spontaneous, exergonic reaction where energy is released.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Free energy change (\(\Delta G\)) in reactions.
- Negative \(\Delta G\) indicates that the reaction is spontaneous and can proceed without external energy input.
- Spontaneous reaction: The reaction will proceed in the direction where the free energy decreases.
- Exergonic reactions: These are reactions that release energy, corresponding to a negative \(\Delta G\).
- Option (B) is incorrect because negative \(\Delta G\) indicates the free energy of the products is lower than the reactants, not higher.
- Option (C): While high activation energy can exist in some spontaneous reactions, it is not required for a negative \(\Delta G\).
Step 2: Conclusion. Thus, the correct options are spontaneous reaction and exergonic reactions.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{(A) and (D) only}} \]