Question:
What acid-base disturbance is expected in a person trekking at high altitude due to hyperventilation?
What acid-base disturbance is expected in a person trekking at high altitude due to hyperventilation?
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High altitude causes hypoxia-induced hyperventilation, leading to respiratory alkalosis.
Updated On: May 14, 2026
- Metabolic acidosis
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Respiratory acidosis
- Respiratory alkalosis
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
At high altitude, hypoxia stimulates peripheral chemoreceptors, causing hyperventilation. Hyperventilation decreases carbon dioxide levels, leading to respiratory alkalosis.
Step 1: Identify the stimulus.
High altitude causes hypoxia.
Step 2: Understand respiratory response.
Hypoxia stimulates ventilation: \[ \text{Hyperventilation} \]
Step 3: Determine acid-base change.
Hyperventilation removes excess CO$_2$: \[ CO_2 \downarrow \Rightarrow pH \uparrow \] This causes: \[ \text{Respiratory alkalosis} \] Therefore, the correct answer is Respiratory alkalosis.
Step 1: Identify the stimulus.
High altitude causes hypoxia.
Step 2: Understand respiratory response.
Hypoxia stimulates ventilation: \[ \text{Hyperventilation} \]
Step 3: Determine acid-base change.
Hyperventilation removes excess CO$_2$: \[ CO_2 \downarrow \Rightarrow pH \uparrow \] This causes: \[ \text{Respiratory alkalosis} \] Therefore, the correct answer is Respiratory alkalosis.
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