Step 1: Understanding communalism
Communalism is a narrow ideology that promotes hostility and hatred between communities based on religion or caste. It weakens unity and disturbs peace in society.
Step 2: Effect on minority
- Minorities often become direct victims of communal violence and discrimination.
Step 3: Effect on majority
- The majority also suffers as communalism leads to unrest, law and order problems, and hampers progress and development.
Step 4: Conclusion
Thus, communalism is harmful to both minority and majority communities.
The correct answer is option (C).