Question

The technique used for purification of steam volatile water immiscible substance is:

• A. Fractional distillation
• B. Fractional distillation under reduced pressure
• C. Distillation
• D. Steam distillation

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

To answer the given question, we need to identify the most appropriate purification technique for a steam volatile and water-immiscible substance.

Let's consider each option: 

1. Fractional distillation: This method is used for separating mixtures of liquids with different boiling points, primarily when they are miscible with each other. This is not suitable for substances that are water-immiscible and require separation based on steam volatility.
2. Fractional distillation under reduced pressure: This technique is used to distill compounds at a temperature lower than their boiling points by reducing the pressure. It is suitable for heat-sensitive substances but not specifically for steam volatile substances that are water-immiscible.
3. Distillation: This is a general method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilization (evaporation at their boiling point). Regular distillation does not take advantage of steam volatility, making it unsuitable for the given requirement.
4. Steam distillation: This process is specifically designed for purifying steam volatile and water-immiscible substances. The technique involves passing steam through the mixture, causing the volatile compounds to vaporize at temperatures lower than their actual boiling points due to the presence of steam, which is a key advantage when dealing with such substances.

Therefore, the correct answer is Steam distillation. This method is ideal for the purification of steam volatile water-immiscible substances because it effectively separates volatile components without the need for their complete boiling and without them being miscible in water.

Hence, the chosen technique, steam distillation, takes advantage of the volatility of the substance in the presence of steam, allowing it to be collected separately in a cooled receiver.

Answer 2

<p>Steam distillation is used for the purification of substances that are volatile in steam and immiscible in water.</p><p>It is commonly used to separate essential oils from plant materials and other mixtures where the components have different volatilities.</p><p>Thus, the correct technique is steam distillation.<br><br>The Correct answer is: steam distillation</p>