Question

The relationship between sea anemone and clown fish is best be explained as

• A. Commensalism
• B. Mutualism
• C. Parasitism
• D. Parasitism

Hint:

While some early ecology texts simplified this as commensalism, modern research has conclusively proven that both organisms benefit significantly from the relationship, making it a true mutualistic symbiosis.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Symbiotic relationships represent close, long-term biological interactions between different species.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The association between clownfish (Amphiprion spp.) and stinging sea anemones is a classic example of obligate mutualism (+, + relationship):
- The clownfish receives protection from predators within the stinging tentacles of the anemone (to which it is immune due to a protective mucus coat).
- The sea anemone benefits as the clownfish aggressively chases away anemone-eating butterflyfishes, cleans the anemone of parasites, and provides nutrients through its waste.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The relationship is mutualism, which corresponds to option (B).