The movement of ions against the concentration gradient is typically accomplished through Active transport. Active transport processes use energy (usually ATP) to pump ions or molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration. This process is essential for maintaining ion gradients and performing various physiological functions.
So, the correct option is (A): Active transport
| Pair of skeletal parts | Category | |
|---|---|---|
| (a)$\,\,$ | Sternum and ribs$\,\,$ | Axial skeleton |
| (b)$\,\,$ | Clavicle and glenoid cavity$\,\,$ | Pelvic girdle |
| (c)$\,\,$ | Flumerus and ulna$\,\,$ | Appendicular skeleton |
| (d)$\,\,$ | Malleus and stapes$\,\,$ | Ear ossicles |
| Column I | Column II | |
|---|---|---|
| A. | Thylakoids | (i) Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus |
| B | Cristate | (ii) Condensed structure of DNA |
| C | Cisternae | (iii) Flat membranous sacs in stroma |
| D | Chomatin | (iv) Infolding in mitochondria |
| A | B | C | D | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (v) | (iv) | (viii) | (iii) |
| (2) | (i) | (iv) | (viii) | (vi) |
| (3) | (vi) | (v) | (iv) | (vii) |
| (4) | (v) | (i) | (iii) | (ii) |
Read More: Fundamental Unit of Life: Cell
The different parts of a cell and their functions are as follows:
