Question:
The method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a boiling liquid mixture is known as:
The method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a boiling liquid mixture is known as:
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Distillation is the backbone of the alcohol industry and is used in food processing to recover aromatic essences and deodorize edible oils.
Updated On: Jul 4, 2026
- Evaporation
- Distillation
- Leaching
- Fractional separation
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
Separation of liquids depends on the physical properties of the components in the mixture.
• Volatility: The tendency of a substance to vaporize.
• Boiling Point: The temperature at which vapor pressure equals external pressure.
Step 1: Understanding the mechanism.
When a mixture of two liquids is heated, the one with higher volatility evaporates faster. This vapor is then collected and condensed back into a liquid.
Step 2: Defining Distillation.
Distillation is the specific unit operation that utilizes these boiling point differences. It results in a "distillate" rich in volatile components and a "residue" of less volatile ones.
Step 3: Comparing with Evaporation.
Evaporation usually removes a volatile solvent (water) to concentrate a non-volatile solid. Distillation is used when the components to be separated are both liquid. Final Answer: (B)
• Volatility: The tendency of a substance to vaporize.
• Boiling Point: The temperature at which vapor pressure equals external pressure.
Step 1: Understanding the mechanism.
When a mixture of two liquids is heated, the one with higher volatility evaporates faster. This vapor is then collected and condensed back into a liquid.
Step 2: Defining Distillation.
Distillation is the specific unit operation that utilizes these boiling point differences. It results in a "distillate" rich in volatile components and a "residue" of less volatile ones.
Step 3: Comparing with Evaporation.
Evaporation usually removes a volatile solvent (water) to concentrate a non-volatile solid. Distillation is used when the components to be separated are both liquid. Final Answer: (B)
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