The mating schemes that increase homozygosity in the plants are -
A. Genetic assortative mating
B. Genetic disassortative mating
C. Phenotypic assortative mating
D. Phenotypic disassortative mating
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. Genetic assortative mating
B. Genetic disassortative mating
C. Phenotypic assortative mating
D. Phenotypic disassortative mating
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Show Hint
- A, B and D only
- A, and C only
- A, and D only
- A, C, and D only
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Mating schemes refer to the selection of mates based on genetic or phenotypic similarity.
Assortative mating is the mating of individuals that are similar.
Disassortative mating is the mating of individuals that are dissimilar.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the genetic consequences of each mating scheme:
A. Genetic assortative mating: This involves mating between individuals that are genetically more similar to each other than expected under random mating (e.g., inbreeding or selfing).
It systematically increases homozygosity across all loci in the genome.
Thus, Statement A is correct.
B. Genetic disassortative mating: This involves mating genetically dissimilar individuals (outcrossing).
This scheme maintains or increases heterozygosity in the population.
Thus, Statement B is incorrect.
C. Phenotypic assortative mating: This is the mating of phenotypically similar individuals (e.g., tall plants with tall plants, or early-flowering with early-flowering).
This scheme increases homozygosity at the loci that control the specific selected phenotypic traits, while the rest of the genome remains unaffected. Because it increases homozygosity at the target loci, it is classified as a homozygosity-increasing scheme.
Thus, Statement C is correct.
D. Phenotypic disassortative mating: This involves mating phenotypically dissimilar individuals (e.g., tall with dwarf).
This increases heterozygosity for the loci governing those specific traits.
Thus, Statement D is incorrect.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Since genetic assortative mating (A) and phenotypic assortative mating (C) increase homozygosity, the correct option is A, and C only.
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