Question

The "Hardiness" trait of personality was given by:

• A. Rosenman
• B. Friedman
• C. Kobasa
• D. Hans Eysenck

Hint:

Hardiness is credited to Kobasa, option (3).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Hardiness is a personality style that helps people stay healthy under stress. It is made of commitment, control and challenge.

Step 2: Key Fact.
The concept of hardiness was put forward by Suzanne Kobasa in her studies of stressed business executives.

Step 3: Check option (1) Rosenman.
Rosenman, with Friedman, described Type A and Type B behaviour patterns, not hardiness. So (1) is wrong.

Step 4: Check option (2) Friedman.
Friedman worked with Rosenman on Type A behaviour linked to heart disease. So (2) is wrong.

Step 5: Check option (3) Kobasa.
Kobasa gave the hardiness trait, so (3) is correct.

Step 6: Check option (4) Hans Eysenck.
Eysenck is known for his dimensions of personality such as extraversion and neuroticism. So (4) is wrong.

Final Answer:
Kobasa gave the hardiness trait. This is option (3).