Question

The functional unit of kidney is:

• A. Neuron
• B. Alveolus
• C. Nephron
• D. Glomerulus

Hint:

Don't confuse Neuron with Nephron. Remember: N-E-P-H relates to the NEPHrology (the study of kidneys).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Every major organ has a specialized microscopic structure that performs the organ's primary job. For the kidney, this job is filtering blood and forming urine.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Distinguish between the units of different systems:
• Neuron: Nervous system unit.
• Alveolus: Respiratory system unit.
• Nephron: Excretory system unit.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
A single human kidney contains about one million nephrons. A nephron consists of a renal corpuscle (which includes the glomerulus) and a renal tubule. It filters waste products from the blood while reabsorbing essential nutrients and water back into the bloodstream. While the glomerulus is a part of the nephron, the nephron as a whole is considered the complete functional unit.

Step 4: Final Answer:
The functional unit of the kidney is the Nephron.