Face cavitation, Bubble cavitation, Back cavitation, Tip cavitation
Back cavitation, Bubble cavitation, Face cavitation, Tip cavitation
Bubble cavitation, Face cavitation, Tip cavitation, Back cavitation
Tip cavitation, Face cavitation, Bubble cavitation, Back cavitation
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The Correct Option isB
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Read what each axis and curve means.
The plot has cavitation number \(\sigma\) on the vertical axis and advance coefficient \(J\) on the horizontal axis. Each curve marks the boundary where a particular type of cavitation just starts.
Step 2: Identify curve P.
P is the steepest, leftmost boundary, occurring at low advance coefficient, which means heavy blade loading and a large angle of attack on the suction (back) face. Cavitation starting on the suction side under heavy loading is back cavitation, so P is back cavitation.
Step 3: Identify curve Q.
Q is the flat, wide curve across the bottom of the bucket at the lowest cavitation numbers. This broad low pressure region over the middle of the blade is where bubble cavitation appears, so Q is bubble cavitation.
Step 4: Identify curve R.
R is the boundary rising again at high advance coefficient, where the angle of attack turns low or negative, letting the pressure side of the blade cavitate. This is face cavitation, so R is face cavitation.
Step 5: Identify curve S.
S sits close to P, slightly to its right, marking a separate limit just past the back cavitation boundary. This narrow band next to the back cavitation curve is the tip vortex, so S is tip cavitation.
Final Answer:
P, Q, R, S correspond to back, bubble, face and tip cavitation respectively.
\[ \boxed{\text{Option B}} \]
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