Question:
The equivalent weight of which of the following is the highest?
The equivalent weight of which of the following is the highest?
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The n-factor for acids is the number of replaceable $H^+$ ions, for bases it's replaceable $OH^-$ ions, and for salts, it is the total magnitude of the positive or negative charge.
Updated On: Jul 1, 2026
- $Na_2CO_3$ (molecular weight = 106)
- $H_3PO_4$ (molecular weight = 98)
- $H_2C_2O_4 \cdot 2H_2O$ (molecular weight = 126)
- $AlCl_3$ (molecular weight = 133.5)
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Equivalent weight is calculated by dividing the molecular weight by the valence factor (n-factor). We must determine the n-factor for each compound based on its ions or basicity/acidity.
1. $Na_2CO_3$:
This salt dissociates into $2Na^+$ and $CO_3^{2-}$. Total positive/negative charge = 2.
$$\text{Eq. Wt.} = \frac{106}{2} = 53$$
2. $H_3PO_4$: This is a tribasic acid. Basicity = 3. $$\text{Eq. Wt.} = \frac{98}{3} \approx 32.67$$
3. $H_2C_2O_4 \cdot 2H_2O$ (Oxalic Acid Dihydrate): This is a dibasic acid. Basicity = 2. $$\text{Eq. Wt.} = \frac{126}{2} = 63$$
4. $AlCl_3$: This salt dissociates into $Al^{3+}$ and $3Cl^-$. Total charge = 3. $$\text{Eq. Wt.} = \frac{133.5}{3} = 44.5$$
Conclusion: Comparing the values: 53, 32.67, 63, and 44.5. The highest equivalent weight is 63, which belongs to hydrated oxalic acid.
2. $H_3PO_4$: This is a tribasic acid. Basicity = 3. $$\text{Eq. Wt.} = \frac{98}{3} \approx 32.67$$
3. $H_2C_2O_4 \cdot 2H_2O$ (Oxalic Acid Dihydrate): This is a dibasic acid. Basicity = 2. $$\text{Eq. Wt.} = \frac{126}{2} = 63$$
4. $AlCl_3$: This salt dissociates into $Al^{3+}$ and $3Cl^-$. Total charge = 3. $$\text{Eq. Wt.} = \frac{133.5}{3} = 44.5$$
Conclusion: Comparing the values: 53, 32.67, 63, and 44.5. The highest equivalent weight is 63, which belongs to hydrated oxalic acid.
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