Comprehension
Study the following graph and answer questions that follow. The x-axis denotes the years from 1983 to 1991
Question: 1
The sum of food and fertilizer production has shown a constant value for how many years?
The sum of food and fertilizer production has shown a constant value for how many years?
Show Hint
Read each year's food and fertilizer levels in grid steps from the base line and add them.
Updated On: Nov 5, 2026
- None of the years
- 5
- 4
- 2
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Read the graph (in grid steps above the base line):
Food: 1983: 6.5, 1984: 5, 1985: 5, 1986: 6.5, 1987: 6.5, 1988: 5, 1989: 5, 1990: 7, 1991: 7
Fertilizer: 1983: 2.5, 1984: 3.5, 1985: 3.5, 1986: 2, 1987: 2, 1988: 3.5, 1989: 1, 1990: 1, 1991: 1
Step 2: Sum year by year:
1983: 9; 1984: 8.5; 1985: 8.5; 1986: 8.5; 1987: 8.5; 1988: 8.5; 1989: 6; 1990: 8; 1991: 8.
Step 3: The sum stays at the same value (8.5 steps) for the five years 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (2): 5
Food: 1983: 6.5, 1984: 5, 1985: 5, 1986: 6.5, 1987: 6.5, 1988: 5, 1989: 5, 1990: 7, 1991: 7
Fertilizer: 1983: 2.5, 1984: 3.5, 1985: 3.5, 1986: 2, 1987: 2, 1988: 3.5, 1989: 1, 1990: 1, 1991: 1
Step 2: Sum year by year:
1983: 9; 1984: 8.5; 1985: 8.5; 1986: 8.5; 1987: 8.5; 1988: 8.5; 1989: 6; 1990: 8; 1991: 8.
Step 3: The sum stays at the same value (8.5 steps) for the five years 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (2): 5
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Question: 2
If in 1988, the sum of the food and fertilizer production was 170 million tonnes, the value of food production must have been (approximately, in million tonnes) .
If in 1988, the sum of the food and fertilizer production was 170 million tonnes, the value of food production must have been (approximately, in million tonnes) .
Show Hint
The graph has no scale on its vertical axis, so think about what can be found from a sum alone.
Updated On: Nov 5, 2026
- Insufficient data
- 70
- 100
- 90
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: What is given.
Only the sum of food and fertilizer production in 1988 is given.
Step 2: Is that enough?
The graph has no values or labelled base line on its vertical axis, so the sum alone does not allow the share of food to be read off reliably. The data are insufficient, as the published answer key states.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (1): Insufficient data
Only the sum of food and fertilizer production in 1988 is given.
Step 2: Is that enough?
The graph has no values or labelled base line on its vertical axis, so the sum alone does not allow the share of food to be read off reliably. The data are insufficient, as the published answer key states.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (1): Insufficient data
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Question: 3
From its apparent behaviour, the food production in year 1992 can be expected to .
From its apparent behaviour, the food production in year 1992 can be expected to .
Show Hint
Look at the repeating pattern of the food production curve over the years.
Updated On: Nov 5, 2026
- go down
- go up
- remain the same as previous year.
- nothing can be said.
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Food production by year (grid steps):
1983: 6.5, 1984: 5, 1985: 5, 1986: 6.5, 1987: 6.5, 1988: 5, 1989: 5, 1990: 7, 1991: 7.
Step 2: Pattern.
After the starting year 1983 the series goes low-low (1984-85), high-high (1986-87), low-low (1988-89), high-high (1990-91): it alternates in blocks of two years.
Step 3: The next block (1992-93) should therefore be low, so production in 1992 is expected to go down from 1991.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (1): go down
1983: 6.5, 1984: 5, 1985: 5, 1986: 6.5, 1987: 6.5, 1988: 5, 1989: 5, 1990: 7, 1991: 7.
Step 2: Pattern.
After the starting year 1983 the series goes low-low (1984-85), high-high (1986-87), low-low (1988-89), high-high (1990-91): it alternates in blocks of two years.
Step 3: The next block (1992-93) should therefore be low, so production in 1992 is expected to go down from 1991.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (1): go down
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Question: 4
Going according to previous trends, one can say that the Fertilizer Production has shown an anomalous behaviour in which year?
Going according to previous trends, one can say that the Fertilizer Production has shown an anomalous behaviour in which year?
Show Hint
Anomalies stand out as breaks from established correlation patterns.
Updated On: Oct 28, 2026
- 1985
- 1984
- 1991
- 1989
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding "anomalous"
An anomaly is a break from the usual pattern.
From 1983 to 1991, Fertilizer Production generally moves moderately, often following the general direction of Food Production.
Step 2: Checking year-by-year
In most years, if Food Production goes up, Fertilizer Production either goes up or stays stable.
However, in 1989:
- Fertilizer Production drops sharply.
- Food Production does not drop sharply and stays relatively high.
Step 3: Conclusion
The sharp independent fall in 1989 for Fertilizer Production is an anomaly compared to the earlier trend.
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Question: 5
A scholar observed that if the production of fertilizers in 1989 had been the same as that in 1988, then the total fertilizer production for all the given years would have been 450 million tonnes. Using this information, and knowing that the food production has been plotted on the same scale, one may say that the food production in 1983 was (approximately, in million tonnes) .
A scholar observed that if the production of fertilizers in 1989 had been the same as that in 1988, then the total fertilizer production for all the given years would have been 450 million tonnes. Using this information, and knowing that the food production has been plotted on the same scale, one may say that the food production in 1983 was (approximately, in million tonnes) .
Show Hint
Express fertilizer production in grid steps, find the value of one step from the 450 total, then convert food production in 1983.
Updated On: Nov 5, 2026
- 80
- 105
- 130
- Cannot be determined
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Fertilizer levels in grid steps (1983 to 1991):
2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 2, 2, 3.5, 1, 1, 1.
With 1989 changed to the 1988 level (3.5), the list becomes 2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 2, 2, 3.5, 3.5, 1, 1.
Step 2: Total in steps:
\(2.5+3.5+3.5+2+2+3.5+3.5+1+1 = 22.5\) steps.
Step 3: Value of one step:
\(22.5\text{ steps} = 450 \Rightarrow 1\text{ step} = 20\) million tonnes.
Step 4: Food in 1983:
Food in 1983 is at 6.5 steps, so food \(= 6.5\times20 = 130\) million tonnes.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (3): 130
2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 2, 2, 3.5, 1, 1, 1.
With 1989 changed to the 1988 level (3.5), the list becomes 2.5, 3.5, 3.5, 2, 2, 3.5, 3.5, 1, 1.
Step 2: Total in steps:
\(2.5+3.5+3.5+2+2+3.5+3.5+1+1 = 22.5\) steps.
Step 3: Value of one step:
\(22.5\text{ steps} = 450 \Rightarrow 1\text{ step} = 20\) million tonnes.
Step 4: Food in 1983:
Food in 1983 is at 6.5 steps, so food \(= 6.5\times20 = 130\) million tonnes.
Final Answer:
The correct option is (3): 130
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