Question

Statement-I : 1, 2, 3-trihydroxy propane can be separated from water by using simple distillation.
Statement-II : Azeotropic mixture cannot be separated by using fractional distillation.

• (1) Statement-I and statement-II both are correct.
• (2) Statement-I and statement-II both are incorrect.
• (3) Statement-I correct but statement-II is incorrect.
• (4) Statement-I incorrect but statement-II is correct.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Separation techniques for mixtures based on boiling points and liquid-vapor equilibrium.
1. Evaluate Statement-I:
1, 2, 3-trihydroxy propane is Glycerol. It has a very high boiling point and decomposes before it reaches its normal boiling point. To separate it from water, simple distillation at atmospheric pressure is not suitable. Instead, 'distillation under reduced pressure' (vacuum distillation) is used to lower the boiling point. Thus, Statement-I is incorrect.

2. Evaluate Statement-II:
An azeotropic mixture is a constant boiling mixture where the liquid and vapor phases have the same composition. Fractional distillation works on the difference in composition between liquid and vapor. Since there is no such difference for an azeotrope, it cannot be separated by fractional distillation. Statement-II is correct.

Conclusion: Statement-I is incorrect, and Statement-II is correct. This matches option (4).