Question

Spermatogonia undergo a series of cell divisions to produce sperms. Select the correct statements from the following :
A. Spermatogonia always undergo meiotic cell division.
B. Primary spermatocytes divide mitotically to produce secondary spermatocytes.
C. Secondary spermatocytes, through their second meiotic division, produce haploid spermatids.
D. Spermatids produce spermatozoa through mitosis.
E. Spermatids transform into spermatozoa by spermiogenesis.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

• A. C and E only
• B. A, C and E only
• C. B, C and D only
• D. A and E only

Hint:

Logic Tip: The term "genesis" means creation or formation. "Spermatogenesis" is the whole process. "Spermiogenesis" is strictly the final structural transformation (Spermatid $\rightarrow$ Spermatozoa) with zero cell division involved!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept:
Spermatogenesis is the biological process of producing sperm cells from male germ cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. It involves a highly regulated sequence of mitotic and meiotic divisions, followed by a morphological transformation.
Step 1:
Spermatogonia (diploid, $2n$) are the male germ cells. They multiply continuously on the inside wall of seminiferous tubules by mitotic division, not meiotic division, to increase their numbers. Therefore, Statement A is incorrect.
Step 2:
Some of the spermatogonia periodically undergo changes to become primary spermatocytes (still diploid, $2n$). A primary spermatocyte completes the first meiotic division (reductional division), not mitotic division, leading to the formation of two equal, haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes. Therefore, Statement B is incorrect.
Step 3:
The secondary spermatocytes (haploid, $n$) immediately undergo the second meiotic division (equational division) to produce four equal, haploid cells called spermatids. Therefore, Statement C is correct.
Step 4:
Spermatids do not undergo any further cell divisions (neither mitosis nor meiosis). They are already the final haploid cell product. Therefore, Statement D is incorrect.
Step 5:
The spermatids undergo a complex structural differentiation (growing a tail, forming an acrosome, shedding cytoplasm) to transform into active, motile spermatozoa (sperms). This specific morphological transformation process is termed spermiogenesis. Therefore, Statement E is correct.
Step 6:
Based on the physiological sequence of spermatogenesis, only statements C and E are correct. This precisely matches Option (1).