Question

Shown below are images of four different models of dispensers. Which of the statements is/are TRUE?

• A. At least 2 models are based on valves; at least 2 models have hinges.
• B. 2 models are based on valves; all 4 models can be used without lifting them when 1/8 filled.
• C. At least 1 model uses lever; all 4 models can be used without lifting them when 1/8 filled.
• D. At least 1 model uses pressure for dispensing liquid; at least 1 model uses lever principle.

Hint:

For dispenser models, observe the mechanism (valve, pressure, lever, hinge) and the physical action required for dispensing.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, D

Step 1: Models that use valves typically operate by releasing liquid when a valve is opened. Models with hinges require the user to apply a force to open them.
Step 2: Some models use pressure for dispensing liquid, while others rely on a lever mechanism.
Step 3: Based on these observations, the correct answers are (A) and (D).

Answer 2

The four dispensers shown are two flip-top bottles (shampoo and lotion style caps that open on a hinge), a trigger-spray bottle, and a pump-top bottle. To judge how each one works, it helps to separate the opening mechanism (hinge or no hinge) from the dispensing mechanism (valve, pressure, or lever).

1. At least 2 models are based on valves; at least 2 models have hinges: The two flip-top bottles both open on a small hinged lid, so at least 2 models clearly have hinges. Separately, the trigger-spray bottle uses an internal valve and piston to draw liquid up and mist it out, and the pump-top bottle likewise uses a spring-loaded valve to push liquid out with each press, so at least 2 models are indeed based on valves.
2. 2 models are based on valves; all 4 models can be used without lifting them when 1/8 filled: The valve count of 2 is reasonable, matching the spray and pump bottles, but a flip-top bottle that is only 1/8 full would need to be tipped or lifted to pour the liquid out, since it has no internal tube or pump to draw liquid up from a nearly empty bottle, so the second half does not hold for all 4 models.
3. At least 1 model uses lever; all 4 models can be used without lifting them when 1/8 filled: The trigger-spray bottle does use a lever-like trigger action, so the first half is reasonable, but the same issue applies here: the flip-top bottles cannot be used without lifting once they are nearly empty.
4. At least 1 model uses pressure for dispensing liquid; at least 1 model uses lever principle: The spray bottle does use both pressure and a lever-like trigger, so this option is not wrong, but it only makes a narrower claim about one model each, missing the broader and equally true point about the hinges on the two flip-top bottles.

Weighing all four, the first option is the one where both halves are fully and clearly supported by the four dispensers shown.

So the correct statement is "At least 2 models are based on valves; at least 2 models have hinges."