Question

Patriarchal society refers to:-

• A. Dominant role of men
• B. Dominant role of women
• C. Rule of residence
• D. Rule of lineage
• A. Gender identities based on commonsense.
• B. Multiple gender roles and conflicts.
• C. Presence of dominant gendered identities as role models.
• D. Presence of educated women with multiple roles and improved sex ratio.
• A. Strong and successful
• B. Equal to women
• C. Underprivileged
• D. Assume secondary role
• A. Gender biasness towards girl child.
• B. Changes in patriarchal society.
• C. Improved social status of girl child.
  (4) Actualisation of a gender-just society.
• D. Actualisation of a gender-just society
• A. Have dominant role in household.
• B. Can do all kinds of work.
• C. Have equal access to resources.
• D. Face discrimination in various spheres.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept
The question asks for the definition of a "patriarchal society". Patriarchy is a social system in which men hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.
Step 2: Analyzing the Passage
The passage provides a direct clue. It states, "For instance, men in patriarchal societies feel they must be strong and successful." This expectation of being "strong and successful" is characteristic of a dominant role. The passage contrasts this with a "gender-just society" where both men and women can be "free," implying that the current patriarchal system is restrictive and dominated by certain norms favouring men.
Step 3: Evaluating the Options
(1) Dominant role of men: This aligns perfectly with the definition of patriarchy and the clues in the passage.
(2) Dominant role of women: This describes a matriarchal society, the opposite of a patriarchal one.
(3) Rule of residence: This refers to concepts like patrilocality or matrilocality, which are aspects of social structure but not the core definition of patriarchy itself.
(4) Rule of lineage: This refers to systems like patrilineal or matrilineal descent, which are often found in patriarchal societies but do not define the entire system of power.
Step 4: Final Answer
The most accurate and direct definition of a patriarchal society among the given options is the dominant role of men.

Answer 2

Step 1: Understanding the Question
The question asks to identify the basis for a "gender-just society" as described in the passage.
Step 2: Locating the Information in the Passage
The passage explicitly states the answer. The sentence reads: "The idea of a gender-just society is based upon two important factors - educated women with multiple roles and improved sex ratio."
Step 3: Comparing with Options
Comparing this direct quote from the passage with the given options, we can see that option (4) is a perfect match. The other options are either not mentioned or contradict the passage's main idea.
Step 4: Final Answer
According to the text, the basis for a gender-just society is the presence of educated women with multiple roles and an improved sex ratio.

Answer 3

Step 1: Understanding the Question
The question asks about the feeling or pressure experienced by men in a patriarchal society, according to the passage.
Step 2: Locating the Information in the Passage
The passage directly addresses this: "For instance, men in patriarchal societies feel they must be strong and successful." It also mentions that it is considered "not manly, to express oneself emotionally," reinforcing the pressure to maintain a facade of strength.
Step 3: Final Answer
The passage clearly states that men feel they must be "strong and successful." The option "Strong and successful" is not exactly what they feel, but rather what they *feel they must be*. It represents the societal pressure they experience. Among the given choices, this is the most accurate description of the expectation placed upon them.

Answer 4

Step 1: Understanding the Question
The question asks to identify what the "Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Yojana" represents in the context of the passage.
Step 2: Locating the Information in the Passage
The last sentence of the passage provides the answer directly: "The programme of the Government of India, Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Yojana is an important effort in the actualization of a gender-just society."
Step 3: Evaluating the Options
(1) Gender biasness towards girl child: The scheme aims to *fight* this bias, it is not an example *of* it.
(2) Changes in patriarchal society: This is a broad outcome the scheme hopes to achieve, but the passage gives a more specific purpose.
(3) Improved social status of girl child: This is also a goal, but the passage frames it within the larger concept of creating a gender-just society.
(4) Actualisation of a gender-just society: This is the exact phrase used in the passage to describe the purpose of the scheme.
Step 4: Final Answer
Based on the direct statement in the passage, the scheme is an example of an effort towards the actualisation of a gender-just society.

Answer 5

Step 1: Understanding the Question
This question requires inferring the condition of women in a patriarchal society based on the problems the passage identifies and the solutions it proposes.
Step 2: Inferring from the Passage
The passage does not directly state the situation of women, but we can infer it from several points:
The passage mentions the need for "injustices of all kinds have to end" for freedom to grow, implying women face injustices.
It identifies "educated women" and an "improved sex ratio" as foundations for a better, gender-just society. This implies that in the current society, women are often uneducated and the sex ratio is poor (often due to female foeticide and infanticide, which are extreme forms of discrimination).
The mention of the "Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao" (Save the Daughter, Educate the Daughter) scheme itself points to the systemic problems of discrimination against girls.
These points collectively suggest that women in a patriarchal society face significant discrimination.
Step 3: Evaluating the Options
(1) Have dominant role...: This is incorrect; men have the dominant role.
(2) Can do all kinds of work: This may or may not be true, and is not the defining feature of their situation. Patriarchal societies often restrict the kind of work women can do.
(3) Have equal access to resources: This is the goal of a gender-just society, not the reality of a patriarchal one.
(4) Face discrimination in various spheres: This is the logical conclusion based on the clues in the passage.
Step 4: Final Answer
The most accurate description of the situation of women in a patriarchal society, as implied by the passage, is that they face discrimination in various spheres.