Question

Which one of these words is the right synonym for 'synthesis' as used in the passage:

• A. Reaction
• B. Fusion
• C. Collaboration
• D. Union
• A. Heedlessness
• B. Consciousness
• C. Adeptness
• D. Ineptness
• A. Sickness
• B. Derangement
• C. Disease
• D. Schizophrenia

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To determine the correct synonym for 'synthesis' in the context of the passage, we need to understand how the word is used.

1. The passage discusses the human body and the chemical processes that occur within it. Particularly, it mentions the complex compounds in the body formed from the synthesis of smaller molecules. 
2. 'Synthesis' in this context refers to the process of forming a complex compound (or substance) by combining simpler elements or substances.
3. Now, let's evaluate the options one by one:
   • Reaction: Although reactions are involved in synthesis, 'reaction' does not precisely mean synthesis itself. A reaction is more about the process or interaction, not the amalgamation.
   • Fusion: This option means the combination or blending of different elements into a single whole, closely aligning with the sense of molecules merging to form complex compounds.
   • Collaboration: This typically implies working together, which doesn't fit the context of chemical processes within the body.
   • Union: This implies a state of being united, similar to 'fusion', but in more general terms, whereas 'fusion' specifically indicates blending into a single entity.
4. Therefore, the word that best represents 'synthesis' in this context is 'Fusion', which accurately describes the merging of simpler molecules to form more complex compounds.

Hence, the correct synonym for 'synthesis' as used in the passage is Fusion.

Answer 2

To find the antonym for the word "alertness" as used in the passage, we need to understand the context and meaning of "alertness."

Understanding 'Alertness': In the passage, "alertness" is associated with mental alertness and physical energy, suggesting a state of being attentive, aware, and focused.

Option Analysis:

• Heedlessness: This means a lack of care or attention, which is essentially the opposite of alertness. Heedlessness signifies being unmindful or inattentive.
• Consciousness: This implies awareness or being awake, which is not an antonym for alertness but rather a synonym or related concept.
• Adeptness: This refers to skillfulness or proficiency, not related to the concept of alertness or its opposite.
• Ineptness: This means a lack of skill or ability, which does not directly oppose the idea of alertness.

Conclusion: Considering the above options, "Heedlessness" is the correct antonym for "alertness" as it directly conveys the opposite meaning, which is a lack of care or attention.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Heedlessness

Answer 3

The question asks for a word that can be used in place of "mental disorder," based on the provided passage. To find the answer, we need to analyze the passage and each option.

In the passage, it's mentioned:

"...the increase or decrease of any one of these chemicals interferes with the normal functioning of cells and tissues. This creates diseases in the body... A decrease in dopamine leads to Parkinson's disease and its increase causes schizophrenia, a mental disorder..."

Let's evaluate each option:

1. Sickness: This is a general term for being unwell. It does not specifically refer to a mental disorder.
2. Derangement: While it can relate to mental disarray or instability, it is not a precise medical term for a mental disorder.
3. Disease: This is a broad term and could refer to any illness, physical or mental. However, it does not specifically replace "mental disorder" in the passage's context.
4. Schizophrenia: As stated in the passage, "increase [in dopamine] causes schizophrenia, a mental disorder," making schizophrenia a specific type of mental disorder mentioned. This option directly aligns with the description given in the passage, listing schizophrenia explicitly as a mental disorder.

Based on the passage, Schizophrenia is the most appropriate term that can be used in place of "mental disorder" because it is specifically identified in the passage as such.

Therefore, the correct answer is Schizophrenia.