Question

Read the paragraph given below and answer the question that follows:
.… Turkle describes the computer as an evocative object, one that raises new questions regarding our common sense of the distinction between artefacts and intelligent others. Her studies include an examination of the impact of computer-based artefacts on children’s conceptions of the difference between categories such as “alive” versus “not alive” and “machine” versus “person.” In dealing with the questions that computer-based objects evoke, children make clear that the differentiation of physical from psychological entities, which as adults we largely take for granted, is the end product of a process of establishing the relationship between the observable behaviour of a thing and its underlying nature. Children have a tendency, for example, to attribute life to physical objects on the basis of behaviours such as autonomous motion or reactivity, though they reserve humanity for entities evidencing such things as emotion, speech, and apparent thought or purposefulness. Turkle’s observation with respect to computational artefacts is that children ascribe to them an “almost aliveness” and a psychology, while maintaining their distinctness from human beings: a view that, as Turkle points out, is remarkable among other things for its correspondence to the views held by those who are the artefacts’ designers.
Which of the following statements is/are TRUE of the paragraph above?

• A. Turkle argues that children get confused when encountering computational artefacts and mistake them as human-like
• B. Turkle argues that children are able to differentiate between physical and psychological entities by establishing relationship between how a thing behaves and its nature
• C. Turkle concludes that children and adults react and categorise computer-based artefacts in a similar manner
• D. Turkle finally concludes that children have a hard time understanding computer artefacts whereas adults can understand these artefacts far more easily.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To identify the TRUE statement about the paragraph provided, we must closely analyze the main points described by Turkle regarding children's interactions with computer-based artifacts. Turkle discusses how children perceive these objects, noting that:

• Children discern between physical and psychological entities through the relationship between behavior and nature.
• They attribute life to objects based on behavior but differentiate "almost aliveness" from true humanity.
• This view is notably similar to those of the artifacts' designers.

Among the options given:

1.	Turkle argues that children get confused when encountering computational artefacts and mistake them as human-like.
2.	Turkle argues that children are able to differentiate between physical and psychological entities by establishing relationship between how a thing behaves and its nature.
3.	Turkle concludes that children and adults react and categorise computer-based artefacts in a similar manner.
4.	Turkle finally concludes that children have a hard time understanding computer artefacts whereas adults can understand these artefacts far more easily.

The TRUE statement according to Turkle's description is:

Turkle argues that children are able to differentiate between physical and psychological entities by establishing relationship between how a thing behaves and its nature.