Question

Read the following statements and choose the correct option. Statement I: Ossification test is the final test to analyze bone fusion for estimating the age of a juvenile as per law. Statement II: Statutory documents like a birth certificate will be given precedence to determine the juvenile.

• A. Only Statement II is true
• B. Both Statements I and II are false
• C. Both Statements I and II are true
• D. Only Statement I is true

Hint:

For juvenile age determination, documentary evidence always takes precedence over medical tests such as ossification tests.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: The Juvenile Justice framework gives priority to documentary evidence while determining the age of a child. Medical examinations are resorted to only when authentic documents are unavailable.

Step 1: Examining Statement I.
An ossification test estimates age by examining bone development and fusion. However, it provides only an approximate assessment and is not regarded as the final or conclusive proof of age. Therefore, Statement I is false.

Step 2: Examining Statement II.
The Juvenile Justice Act and judicial precedents provide that birth certificates, matriculation certificates, and similar statutory documents must be considered first for age determination. Only when such documents are unavailable can the court rely on medical examination. Therefore, Statement II is true.

Step 3: Selecting the correct option.
Since Statement I is false and Statement II is true, the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{\text{Only Statement II is true}} \]

Answer 2

This question asks us to evaluate two statements about how a juvenile's age is determined under law, one concerning the ossification test and the other concerning statutory documents, and then match the combination to the right option.

1. Only Statement II is true: the law on juvenile age determination gives first preference to documents such as a birth certificate, matriculation certificate, or municipal corporation record, and treats a medical examination such as the ossification test only as a fallback when no such document exists; since Statement II reflects this hierarchy correctly while Statement I overstates the ossification test as the final test, this combination matches the correct legal position.
2. Both Statements I and II are false: this cannot be right because Statement II, which describes documents being given precedence, is an accurate description of how age is determined; only Statement I is inaccurate, so calling both false goes too far.
3. Both Statements I and II are true: this would require the ossification test to be the conclusive and final method of age determination, but medical opinion on bone fusion only yields an approximate age range with a margin of error and is expressly treated as secondary to documentary proof, so Statement I fails and this combination cannot be correct.
4. Only Statement I is true: this would mean statutory documents do not get precedence, which contradicts the settled position that documents such as a birth certificate are consulted first before resorting to any medical test, so this combination is also incorrect.

Since Statement I incorrectly elevates the ossification test to a final and conclusive method while Statement II correctly states the precedence given to statutory documents, only the second statement holds up.

Hence, the correct answer is only Statement II is true.