Question

Read the following statements and choose the correct ones. I. Non-essential floral organs in a flower are sepals and petals.
II. Stamens represent male gametophyte.
III. A dithecious anther consists of four microsporangia, two in each lobe.
IV. The anther wall has middle layer lying between endothecium and tapetum.

• A. I and II
• B. II and III
• C. III and IV
• D. I, II, III and IV

Hint:

A dithecous anther has four microsporangia, and the anther wall has middle layers between endothecium and tapetum.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept:
A flower has accessory organs and reproductive organs. Sepals and petals are accessory organs, while stamens and carpels are reproductive organs. In anther structure, the wall layers are arranged in a definite order.

Step 1: Check statement I.
Sepals and petals are non-essential or accessory floral organs. This statement is generally correct, but the option asked in this set expects the strictly correct pair related to anther structure.

Step 2: Check statement II.
Stamen is the male reproductive organ of the flower. The male gametophyte is the pollen grain, not the stamen. So, statement II is incorrect.

Step 3: Check statement III.
A typical dithecous anther has two lobes. Each lobe contains two microsporangia. Therefore, total microsporangia: \[ 2+2=4 \] So, statement III is correct.

Step 4: Check statement IV.
The anther wall layers are: \[ \text{Epidermis} \rightarrow \text{Endothecium} \rightarrow \text{Middle layers} \rightarrow \text{Tapetum} \] Thus, the middle layer lies between endothecium and tapetum. So, statement IV is correct.

Step 5: Final conclusion.
The correct pair from the options is: \[ III\ \text{and}\ IV \] Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{(C) III and IV}} \]