Question

“Purna Swaraj” as the goal of nationalism in India was aimed to achieve ________.

• A. Partial freedom
• B. Complete independence
• C. Indian identity
• D. Partition

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The term "Purna Swaraj" translates to "Complete Independence" in English. It was adopted by the Indian National Congress as the ultimate goal of Indian nationalism during the Lahore Session in December 1929. The adoption of "Purna Swaraj" marked a shift from seeking partial reforms and dominion status within the British Empire to a demand for complete autonomy and self-rule, free from any British influence. This declaration of complete independence was a pivotal moment in India's struggle for freedom, culminating in the launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement and eventually leading to India's independence in 1947.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Complete independence.

Answer 2

The demand for “Purna Swaraj” (Complete Independence) as the goal of Indian nationalism was aimed to achieve absolute freedom from British colonial rule, rejecting any form of dominion status or partial self-government within the British Empire.

Key Details:

Historical Context:

• Declared on January 26, 1930, during the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress under President Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Marked a radical shift from earlier demands for self-governance (Swaraj) to unconditional independence.

Objectives:

• Total severance of British control over India’s political, economic, and administrative systems.
• Establishment of a sovereign democratic republic (later realized in 1950).
• Mobilization of mass movements (e.g., Civil Disobedience Movement, 1930) to resist colonial policies.

Symbolism:

• The Indian National Congress celebrated January 26 as Independence Day from 1930 until 1947, later adopting it as Republic Day in 1950.
• Purna Swaraj became the defining objective of India’s freedom struggle, culminating in independence on August 15, 1947.