Step 1: Understanding the legal principle.
The principle refers to the doctrine of double jeopardy, which means that a person should not be punished twice for the same offence. This protection applies only when the person has been both prosecuted and punished earlier.
Step 2: Analyzing the facts of the case.
Atul was earlier prosecuted for the offence but was acquitted due to lack of evidence. Since there was no conviction or punishment, the protection against double jeopardy does not apply in this situation.
Step 3: Effect of new evidence.
The emergence of a new eyewitness constitutes fresh and material evidence. Since Atul was not punished earlier, a subsequent prosecution is legally permissible.
Step 4: Examination of options.
(A) Incorrect, because the reason is not merely the new eyewitness but the absence of punishment earlier.
(B) Incorrect, as double jeopardy applies only after punishment.
(C) Incorrect, since the period of limitation is not relevant in serious offences like culpable homicide.
(D) Correct, because Atul was not punished in the earlier trial.
Step 5: Conclusion.
Since Atul was acquitted earlier and not punished, prosecuting him again does not violate the principle of double jeopardy. Hence, option (D) is correct.