Preparation of Bakelite proceeds via reactions.
Show Hint
- Electrophilic substitution and dehydration
- Condensation and elimination
- Nucleophilic addition and dehydration
- Electrophilic addition and dehydration
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Phenol is an electron-rich arene; the protonated/activated HCHO acts as an electrophile and attacks the ortho/para positions, giving o- and p-hydroxymethylphenol. This is an electrophilic aromatic substitution.
Step 2: The hydroxymethylphenols react with more phenol (the CH2OH group combines with a ring H of another phenol), eliminating water (dehydration) and forming -CH2- bridges.
Step 3: Repeated substitution and dehydration gives the cross-linked thermosetting polymer Bakelite.
So the reactions are electrophilic substitution and dehydration.
Answer: (1) Electrophilic substitution and dehydration
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