Question

Pneumocystis jerovici is:

• A. Associated with CMV
• B. Diagnosis is by sputum microscopy
• C. Seen only in immunocompromised patients
• D. Always associated with pneumatocele

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungus that primarily causes pneumonia in humans, especially in those with weakened immune systems. It is important in the context of microbiology due to its method of diagnosis and its effects on specific patient groups.

Among the options provided:

• Associated with CMV: Pneumocystis jirovecii is not directly associated with Cytomegalovirus (CMV). While both can occur in immunocompromised individuals, they are separate infections.
• Diagnosis is by sputum microscopy: This is correct. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is commonly diagnosed by examining sputum samples or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid under a microscope, looking for the characteristic cysts.
• Seen only in immunocompromised patients: While it primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS or organ transplant recipients, it is not accurate to say it is seen "only" in these groups.
• Always associated with pneumatocele: Pneumatocele, which is a cystic formation in the lungs, is not always associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii. It can occur in various conditions but is not a defining feature of this infection.

Therefore, the statement that "Diagnosis is by sputum microscopy" accurately describes a key diagnostic method for identifying Pneumocystis jirovecii infection.